Davoudi Seyyed Masoud; Keshavarz Saeed; Sadr Bardia; Shohrati Majid; Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi; Farsinejad Khalil; Rashighi-Firouzabadi Mehdi; Zartab Hamed; Firooz Alireza
Volume 11, Issue 4 , 2008, , Pages 151-155
Abstract
Background: Sulfur mustard gas is a chemical agent that has been used in many wars, especially in Iran-Iraq war. This chemical agent affects many organs including lungs, eyes and skin, causing numerous acute and chronic lesions including erythema and hyperpigmentation, respectively. This study was conducted ...
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Background: Sulfur mustard gas is a chemical agent that has been used in many wars, especially in Iran-Iraq war. This chemical agent affects many organs including lungs, eyes and skin, causing numerous acute and chronic lesions including erythema and hyperpigmentation, respectively. This study was conducted to evaluate erythema and melanin in subjects with a history of exposure to sulfur mustard.Methods: This case-control study was done on 309 subjects. They were divided into four groups: sulfur mustard-exposed patients with skin lesions (n=87), sulfur mustard-exposed cases without current skin lesions (n=71), non sulfur mustard-exposed patients with dermatitis (n=78) and normal controls (n=74). Erythema and melanin were measured in 4 areas (forehead, suprasternal, palm and back of hands) by Mexameter MX18 (Courage-Khazaka, Germany).Results: Erythema was significantly lower in suprasternal and palmar aspect of hands in sulfur mustard-exposed patients with dermatitis (P<0.05) while there was no significant difference in other areas. In terms of melanin, there was a significant difference in the dorsal aspect of hands in all four groups (P<0.05), where patients with dermatitis (both sulfur mustard exposed and normal population) had higher levels of melanin, probably due to pruritus in such areas. Forehead melanin of the normal population was also significantly lower than other three groups (P<0.05) while there was no significant difference between the melanin level of sulfur mustard exposed subjects (with or without dermatitis) and patients with dermatitis.Conclusion: Sulfur mustard contact can affect erythema and melanin content of the skin.
Emadi Seyed Naser; Sorush Mohammadreza; Moeineddin Fatemeh; Davudi Seyed Masoud; Jalalian Hamid Reza; Ardakani Mohammadreza Khodaeeyani
Volume 10, Issue 4 , 2007, , Pages 345-352
Abstract
Sulphur Mustard is a potent chemical warfare agent that was widely used during first world war and Iran Iraq conflict. Over 100,000 Iranians were injured by sulphur mustard and one-third is of them were suffering from late effects until today. This vesicant agent has a lot of acute and chronic destructive ...
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Sulphur Mustard is a potent chemical warfare agent that was widely used during first world war and Iran Iraq conflict. Over 100,000 Iranians were injured by sulphur mustard and one-third is of them were suffering from late effects until today. This vesicant agent has a lot of acute and chronic destructive effects on the skin, eye and respiratory system. Sulphur mustard via the alkylations of several cellular proteins (structural, cytoplasmic and enzymes) and cell nuclei, produce several toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on epidermis, dermis, dermal appendages and hypodermis. We report a 41-year-old man who was poisoned with sulphur mustard in 1988.After exposure he developed severe skin blisters on upper trunk, posterior aspect of both hands and genitalia along with ocular and respiratory complications. He also had atrophy, pigmentation and vascular changes on skin of penis with pigmentation, atrophy and related findings in histopathologic studies, so the diagnosis of "sulphur mustard induced poikiloderma" was postulated. The absence of any complication on palms despite of their recurrent exposure to sulphur mustard is another remarkable finding in this case. It has been suggested that palms can act as a transport vector of sulphur mustard to other sites of skin.
Y Panahi; SM Davoudi; S Keshavarz; R Sarhang Nejad; A Tajic; MM Naghi Zadeh
Volume 9, Issue 2 , 2006, , Pages 114-121
Abstract
Background and aim: Chronic skin lesions are common late complications of sulfur mustard intoxication which would result in numerous complaints including pruritus, skin dryness and burn feeling. In chemical warfare injured veterans, pruritus is the most common complaint in chronic status with significant ...
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Background and aim: Chronic skin lesions are common late complications of sulfur mustard intoxication which would result in numerous complaints including pruritus, skin dryness and burn feeling. In chemical warfare injured veterans, pruritus is the most common complaint in chronic status with significant effects on patient's quality of life. This study has evaluated efficacy of topical phenol 1% and menthol 1% combination in treatment of pruritus in chemical warfare injured veterans in comparison with placebo.Materials and Methods: This randomized double blind clinical trial was done on chemical warfare injured veterans with mustard gas induced pruritus. Eighty patients were randomly divided to 2 equal groups, one group treated with phenol 1% and menthol 1% combination and other group with placebo for 6 weeks and the therapeutic effects were evaluated according to pruritus scores.Results: Pruritus score was significantly reduced in active group compared to placebo group (P=0.026).Conclusion: Phenol 1% and menthol 1% combination has significant therapeutic effect for mustard gas induced pruritus in chemical warfare injured veterans.
M Maleki; Z Javidi; V Soofi Zadeh; S Ebrahim Zadeh
Volume 9, Issue 1 , 2006, , Pages 40-45
