Zahra Akbari; Mohammad Shafie'ei; Nastaran Sarvipour; Mohadese Ahmadzade; Hamidreza Rouientan; Saeedeh Farajzadeh; Najmeh Ahramiyanpour
Abstract
Background: Among many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)integumentary system involvements, alopecia is one of the leastinvestigated. This disorder has been reported in many individualswho have suffered from varying severities of COVID-19. Weaimed to systematically review studies evaluating the onset ...
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Background: Among many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)integumentary system involvements, alopecia is one of the leastinvestigated. This disorder has been reported in many individualswho have suffered from varying severities of COVID-19. Weaimed to systematically review studies evaluating the onset ofdifferent types of alopecia following COVID-19.Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embasedatabases were searched with a specified string of relevantkeywords. After quality assessments, the data of eligible studieswere qualitatively and quantitatively synthesized.Results: Sixteen studies were included in our review, six ofwhich underwent meta-analysis for the differences in the risk ofalopecia between males and females. Though the disorder wasnot differentiated in all the cases, we found that COVID-19 wasassociated with several different types of alopecia, includingtelogen effluvium, alopecia areata, alopecia parvimaculata, andlichen planopilaris. Moreover, although statistically insignificant,the odds of developing alopecia favored the female population.Conclusion: Although many hypotheses have been suggested asto why an individual might be more predisposed to developingalopecia following COVID-19, the data obtained from the studiesyielded results that could not lead to definite conclusions. Therefore,we recommend that further studies be conducted to evaluatethe association between the two phenomena more confidently.
Robabe Abedini; Saeed Shakiba; Narges Ghandi; Farnaz Yazdaniamjad; Nazgol-Sadat Haddadi; Maryam Nasimi
Abstract
Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease involving the inflammation of hair follicles. In many autoimmune diseases, inadequate levels of vitamin D have been reported. We aimed to determine the association between vitamin D levels and AA.
Methods: In this case-control study, 50 AA patients ...
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Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease involving the inflammation of hair follicles. In many autoimmune diseases, inadequate levels of vitamin D have been reported. We aimed to determine the association between vitamin D levels and AA.
Methods: In this case-control study, 50 AA patients and 50 controls were assessed regarding serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-(OH)-D3]. The levels of 25-(OH)-D3 were classified as deficient ( < 20 ng/ml), insufficient (20 to 30 ng/ml), and sufficient ( > 30 ng/dl). The severity of the disease was scored according to the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT).
Results: The serum level of 25-(OH)-D3 was significantly lower in AA cases compared with the control group. Patients with the totalis or universalis pattern of hair loss had lower levels of 25-(OH)-D3 relative to patients with the patchy or ophiasis type of AA. Moreover, severe cases showed significantly lower levels of vitamin D relative to mild and moderate cases. We found a significant inverse association between 25-(OH)-D3 level and age. We found no association between serum levels of 25-(OH)-D3 and gender, disease duration, disease recurrence, nail involvement, or positive family history of AA.
Conclusion: AA patients had lower serum levels of vitamin D, though this did not contribute to the severity or duration of disease or pattern of hair loss. More studies are required to evaluate the role of vitamin D supplementation in the pathophysiology of AA.
Azadeh Rakhshan; Afshin Moradi; Hedieh Peiroolia
Abstract
Background: Androgenic hair loss (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) are common conditions which sometimes are histologically difficult to differentiate. This study was conducted to detect differentiating features of these two disorders with IHC analysis of T-cell subsets in the inflammatory ...
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Background: Androgenic hair loss (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) are common conditions which sometimes are histologically difficult to differentiate. This study was conducted to detect differentiating features of these two disorders with IHC analysis of T-cell subsets in the inflammatory infiltrates of alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shohadae-Tajrish Hospital in 2018. Twenty-eight cases of alopecia areata and 32 androgenic hair loss cases were evaluated. H&E and IHC staining for CD3, CD4, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were performed. Lymphocytic densities were graded in a quintet grading system. The inflammation density in various areas of skin tissue was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Results: Peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration was seen in 88.5% of AA patients and 12.5% of AGA patients (P = 0.000). Presence of melanin, pigmented casts, and lymphocytes in follicular stelawere in favor of AA diagnosis. CD3, CD4, and CD8+ T-cells in follicular stela, peri-bulbar, and subcutaneous regions were higher and denser in AA patients, while CD3 and CD4+ T-cells aroundsebaceous ducts were in favor of AGA diagnosis. Conclusion: Peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration is among the most important differentiating features of AA and AGA. Infiltration of T-cells in various regions of skin tissue has high diagnosticvalue. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of skin tissues according to these factors can differentiate these two entities with high precision.
Maryam Akhyani; Hasan Seirafi; Zahra Hallaji; Pardis Kiani; Sara Sabouri rad; Hosein Ahrar Mohammad
Volume 14, Issue 1 , 2011, , Pages 6-11
Abstract
Background: Alopecia Areata (AA) is a recurrent non-scarring type of hair loss that can affect any hair-bearing area. Prognosis of AA is unpredictable and most patients experience more than one episode of hair loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of ...
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Background: Alopecia Areata (AA) is a recurrent non-scarring type of hair loss that can affect any hair-bearing area. Prognosis of AA is unpredictable and most patients experience more than one episode of hair loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of AA with respect to age of onset, nail involvement, family history, number of recurrences and duration of the disease. Methods: A total of 239 consecutive patients with AA who were visited in our dermatology clinic from June 2009 to November 2009 were included in this study. The extent of scalp involvement, age of onset, nail involvement, family history, number of recurrences and duration of AA were recorded. Results: Two hundred and thirty nine (239) patients with AA including 141 males and 98 females entered our analysis (male: female ratio = 1.43:1). The age of the patients at the onset of the disease had a wide range from 1 to 60 years (mean ± SD = 21.51 ± 5.4). Two hundred and twelve patients (88.7%) had their first episode of AA before the age of 40 years. Duration of the AA varied from 1 month to 31 years. Ninety six (40.2%) patients experienced only one episode and 25 patients (10.5%) had more than 4 episode of alopecia. Nail changes was reported in 34 patients (14.2%). Forty five patients (18.8%) had a positive family history of alopecia areata. A personal history of atopy and autoimmune diseases was seen in 23 (9.6%) and 27 (11.3%) patients, respectively. The relationship between extensive AA and age of onset, duration, nail changes and positive family history was confirmed (p 0.05). Conclusion: AA occurred at a comparatively younger age. There was a correlation between extensive alopecia areata and age of onset, duration, nail changes, and positive family history as prognostic factors. There were no relationships between the severity of AA and sex, history of atopy and autoimmune diseases.
ZB Mousavi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , 1999, , Pages 12-16
Abstract
Background: Diffuse hair loss is one of the most common complaints of women attending skin clinics. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate diffuse hair loss in women referring to a private office. Patients and Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study was performed on women attending ...
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Background: Diffuse hair loss is one of the most common complaints of women attending skin clinics. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate diffuse hair loss in women referring to a private office. Patients and Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study was performed on women attending a private skin clinic in Ahwaz complaining of diffuse hair loss. The study was done for 10 months in 1376-77. The patients who were hirsute or had apparent clinical pattern of androgenetic or scarring alopecia were excluded. Results: 68% of the total of 180 patients aged between 10 to 30 years old. Thyroid function disorders was found in 18.8%, and anemia was the only finding in 23% of the patients. Trichotillomania was observed in 3.2% and in 41.4% we could not find any clinical or laboratory positive finding. Conclusion: Women complaining of diffuse hair loss should be screened for thyroid disorders and anemia.